Gyroscope.



P. KORTMANN.

GYROSCOPE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 1. 1914.

Patented June 22, 1915.

2 SHEETSAHEET 1.

lllill l Il.

P. KORTMANN.

GYROSCOPE.

APPucATloN FILED FEB. 1. |914.

Patented June 22, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PAUL KORTMANN, OF BERLIN-W'AIDMANNSLUST, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR T0 BERLINER MASCHINENBAU-AKTIEN-GESELLSCHAFT VORMALS L. SCHWARTZKOPFF, OF BER- LIN, GERMANY, A CORPORATION OF PRUSSIA.

GYRosooPE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented-June 22, 1915.

Application filed February 7, 1914. Serial No. 817,379.

T0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, PAUL KORTMANN, a subject of the King of Prussia, and residing at Berlin-Waidmannslust, State of Prussia, in the German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Gyroscopes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a gyroscope with a Cardan suspension, and a permanent air drive, and comprises a driving nozzle for compressed air, located on a vertical ring in such a manner that the air impinges against a turbine, in the axis, or substantially in the axis of rotation of a horizontal rlng.

Two constructions according to this invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in Which- Figure 1 shows the gyroscope With its bearing and air supply therethrough, partly in section, Fig. 2 is a plan While Fig. 3 shows a slightly modified construction of the air supply.

According to the construction shown in Figs. l and 2, compressed air is admitted through the supply pipe a into the pin b of the vertical ring d and passes through a conduit c in the interior of the said ring, to the outlet nozzles e. The mouths or openings of the nozzles are arranged so that the discharge point of the air current is in the axis of rotation of the horizontal ring i. This results in that neither a rotation of the vertical ring, nor a movement of the horizontal ring relatively to the casing, exercises any effect on the action of the air current on the turbine f. If during a steering process, the vertical ring is moved, the nozzle participates in the said movement and acts Without any change on the turbine; While if the horizontal ring turns, important faults in the supply of air cannot be caused thereby, as the current of air still impinges against the turbine in the axis of rotation of the horizontal ring. The gyroscope can be started in the known manner by a spring or highly compressed air, but the pressure of the air permanently impinging against the turbine j must be preferably made only strong enough vto over-y come resistance d'ue to friction and to maiutain the initial speed of the turbine.

If it is desired to supply the air through the lower pin of the vertical ring, the con struction shown in Fig. 3 is preferably adopted. In this case, the tread surface of the step or pivot pin g is ground accurately to the step plate L, and the supply of air takes place through the step pin, so that,

vowing to the pressure between the step pin and the step plate, produced by the weight of the device, the air supply conduit is closed in a tight manner.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is l. A gyroscope with a Cardan suspension and with a permanent air drive, comprising in combination, tvvo turnable rings, one ring being journaled on the other and turning about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the other ring, a turbine journaled in one of the rings, means in the other of said rings for supplying air, a conduit 1n said last named ring, and means communicating With said conduit for discharging the air to impinge against the outer periphery of the turbine, substantially in the axis of rotation of the other ring bearing the turbine.

2. A gyroscope With aCardan suspension and with a permanent air drive comprising in combination, two turnable rings, one ring being journaled on the other, and turning about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the other ring, a turbine journaled in one of said rings, air supply nozzles in the other of said rings, a conduit in said last named ring and outlet nozzles communicating with said conduit for discharging the air to impinge against the outer periphery of the turbine, substantially in the axis of rotation of the other ring, bearing the turbine.

3. A gyroscope With a Cardan suspension and with a permanent air drive comprising in combination a first ring turning about a vertical axis, a second ring turning about a horizontal axis, a turbine journaled in the said second ring and outlet nozzles and a conduit for the driving air arranged on the first ring in such a manner that the air impinges against the outer periphery of the turbine substantially in the axis of rotation of the second ring bearing the turbine.

4. A gyroscope with a Cardan suspension lthe axis of an axis and conveylng the driving air,

nozzles on said inner ring, an outer ring Jour-l naled on said inner ring and turning about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the inner ring and a turbine journaled on said outer ring, the said nozzles conveying the air immediately to the outer periphery of the turbine.

` 5. A gyroscope with 'a Cardan suspension and with a permanent air drive comprising in combination an inner ring turning about an axis and conveying the driving air, nozzles on said inner ring, an outer ,ring journaled on said inner ring and turning about an axis perpendicular tothe. axis of rotation of the inner vring and a turbine journaled on said outer ring, the said nozzles conveying the air immediately to the outer periphery of -the turbine substantially on rotation of the outer ring.

6. A gyroscope with a Cardan suspension and with a Apermanent air drive comprising in combination an inner ring turning about a vertical axis and conveying the driving air, nozzles on said inner ring, an outer ring i and with a conveying journaled on said inner ring and turning about a horizontal axis and a turbine journaled on said outer ring, the .said nozzles conveying the air immediately to the outer periphery of the turbine, substantially in the axis of rotation of the outer ring.

7 A gyroscope with a Cardan suspension ermanent vair drive comprising in combination an inner ring turningabout a vertical axis having an upper and lower pin pin is the said and a step plate to which the lower accurately ground, openings in lower pin, step plate and ring conveying the driving air, nozzles on `said ring, anouter ring journaled on said inner ring and turning about a horizontal axis and a turbine journaledon said outer ring, the said nozzles the air immediately to the outer periphery of the turbine, substantially in the yaxis ofrotation of the outer ring.

' In testimony whereof I aiiixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.-

PAUL KORTMANN.

Witnessesz WOIDEMAR HAUPT.,

HENRY HASPER. 

